Science Or Promote Scientific Misunderstanding Media Essay

Science Or Promote Scientific Misunderstanding Media Essay The media are the advances used to send the news or data to everybody through mass correspondence. There are a few sorts of media, for example, communicate media, print media, and web media. What are print media? Print media is a medium that utilizing printing procedure to create the content and pictures with ink on the paper utilizing a print machine to send the data to individuals. The case of print media are paper, books, magazines, pamphlets, handouts, etc. Different sorts of media have become a crucial hotspots for illuminating residents including researchers about ongoing advancement of science 1. The broad communications additionally a primary part in controlling the ascent and fall of social issues and the science-strategy interface 2. For the most part, 49 % of European peruses science articles in papers and magazines either normally or once in a while in the European commission 2007 overview 3. In addition, the review additionally shows that the print media, for example, pr ess, papers, and magazines are evaluated as second dependable media to convey the science 4. The print media assume a significant job to illuminate the manner in which open comprehend science 5. Papers are a significant sources to comprehend the science, clinical detailing and the basic job of solid data 6. They transmit the hazard messages by means of the ads as well as paper articles utilizing an organization that are favorable and straightforward by people in general. Numerous researchers see that media including print media is a pipeline to transmit the logical messages to the open 7. Print media really an approach to invigorate open commitment in science. This is on the grounds that the media like paper and magazines consistently distributed an exact, short and free logical article to help the open comprehension about science improvement 8. The investigation had demonstrated that the normal length of an article in a paper is under 600 words 9. Holliman, R. (2004). Media inclusion of cloning: an investigation of media substance, creation and gathering. Open Understanding of Science, 13(2), 107-30 Mill operator, D. (1999). Hazard, Science and Policy: definitional battles, data the executives, the media and BSE. Sociology Medicine 49, 1239-1255. Uncommon Eurobarometer 282-outline. (2007). Logical examination in the media. European Commission. Uncommon Eurobarometer 282, 1-42 (p.22). Wilkie, T (1996). Sources in Science: Who would we be able to Trust? The Lancet, 347, pp. 1308-1311. Hargreaves, I., Lewis, J., and Speers, T. (2002). Towards a superior guide: Science, general society and the media. Financial and social Research Council. Nelkin, D. (1991). Helps and the News Media. The Milbank Memorial Fund, New York University. Wellbeing, Society and the Milbank Quarterly, Vol. 69(2): 293-307. Tyler, T., Cook, F. (1984). The broad communications and decisions of hazard: Distinguishing sway on close to home and cultural level decisions. Diary of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 693-708. Hargreaves, Lewis and Speers, 1-54 (p. 14). From that point, print media advancing eagerness and commitment in science, its the media to urge general society to discover the subtleties of logical examination from different sources in light of the fact that there for the most part has reference of diaries or researchers name in the articles. For instance, the general population can simply google search utilizing the researchers name or any references appeared in articles to discover more data on a logical information. For instance, an article 10 had distributed the finding of male prophylactic pill, let the open know the advancement of researchers in finding the best approach to tackle the issue of men particularly for those need to control and plan the option to have a child. From this article, the individuals will know whats going on in logical fields for nothing and furthermore pulled in open who intrigued by male prophylactic pill to glance out the subtleties from different sources with the assistance of the analysts name referenced in the articles. Despite the fact that its only a short article, however it incorporates all the reason or point of the exploration, the examination with respect to preventative pills that had been experiencing in the ongoing and past, the specialists that included and reference of a diary distributed. Along these lines, this was a decent articles to animate the open commitment in science improvement with only several minutes. The figure 1 shows a short piece of an article distributed including the majority of the rules referenced above.Capture.PNG Figure : A cut from an article 11 Be that as it may, papers likewise a significant wellspring of hazard data where the open alleviated the effect of an issue and access to their own data systems. In this way, print media is a hazard specialized apparatus to draw in the open 12. Media help to make the dangers progressively obvious when an issue raises the open debate 13. Discussion has consistently rewarded as a main impetus for the headway of logical information 14. The articles particularly from papers are endeavoring Martin, D. (2009). Prophylactic pill for men a bit nearer after researchers disengage barrenness quality. Every day Mail Online. Accessible from http://www.dailymail.co.uk/wellbeing/article-1166861/Contraceptive-pill-men-step-closer-researchers seclude barrenness gene.html [Accessed 3 April 2009] Martin, sentence 10-14. Wakefield, S. E. L. furthermore, Elliott, S. J. (2003), Constructing the News: The Role of Local Newspapers in Environmental Risk Communication. The Professional Geographer, 55: 216-226. Campbell, P. (2011), Boundaries and hazard: Media surrounding of helped regenerative advances and more seasoned moms. Sociology Medicine, 72 (2): 265-272. Holliman, R., Thomas, J., Smidt, S., Scanlon, E., and Whitelegg, E. (eds) (2009a). Examining science correspondence in the Information age: Implications for Public Engagement and Popular media. Oxford, Oxford University Press. to reflect balance, to show the advantages and disadvantages of one logical issue. This can let the open take a logical issue all the more plainly on its benefit and lose. Through the print media like paper or magazines, press or diaries, people in general can have their basic perusing and help to grow more sentiment or criticism to a science innovation. The more input from people in general, the space for an innovation to improve will be increasingly more extensive. Another model is the article distributed as of late 15. In this article, a precise and short subtleties of the advancement of each researcher who participate had been distributed. The advantages of this exploration likewise expressed obviously and the most significant part is it referenced this examination still in progress and will be utilized just if the wellbeing is affirmed. The fundamental thought that we can see from this article is this article told the open the future examination will be finished by analysts (allude figure 2). Along these lines, this is a decent open door for the perusers to contend whether they will bolster or restrict the new discoveries or the future explores. Along these lines, this is a viable method to raise commitment between the perusers and the analysts in logical turn of events. A disputable or misconception may begin if the discoveries didn't state unmistakably. Capture1.PNG Figure : A little bits of article 16 Open recognitions are significant in molding and changing the response of the two people and social establishments to an issue 17. The measure of media inclusion in science could legitimately mirror the enthusiasm of general society and furthermore impact the quantity of open consideration regarding the improvement in science 18. The media inclusion and science instruction consistently treat as sources that can impact popular assessments, perspectives and response to science 19. In reality a portion of the articles distributed in print media are a successful method to persuade the peruser to help the logical exploration. A positive response of the general population can raise the researchers and media profile so as to ease them to land more position open doors , financing and furthermore strategy greeting. The other path round, if a logical finding is restricted by the general population, the researcher will be disregarded or accused which can impact their profile. In this manner, th e open really a notable individual to control the life of a researcher. Pastry specialist, D. (2012). Researchers figure out how to launch barren sperm drastically expanding pregnancy possibilities. Day by day Mail Online. Dough puncher, sentence 14-17. Nelkin, p293-294 Carolyn L. F. (2012) . Science and Engineering Indicators 2012: Science and Technology: open mentalities and Understanding. Arlington VA: National Science Foundation (NSB 12-01). Regal Society (1985). The Public Understanding of Science. Imperial Society, London. For instance, an article about the human cloning where the advancement and the choice of the power individual or association had been expressed 20. This article expressed the point of a researchers deal with human cloning so the perusers can see obviously (allude figure 3). The upsides of human cloning had been expressed obviously to persuade the peruser so the open will bolster their examination which in a roundabout way persuade the power to concur and make it lawfully on their exploration. One examination can go easily and more accomplishment with the assistance of the general population and furthermore the position. This is on the grounds that it is a successful method to advocate the name of researchers and the distributer to pull in all the more subsidizing, the principle boundary to researchers to proceed with their examination. All things considered, these additionally an article that is demonstrated science in a positive light which help in the improvement of advance science .Untitled.png Figure : A consolidated of barely any cut bits of article 21 Books likewise a sort of print media that are enormously significant in science. They give substance and structure to established researchers on the planet. Science books quite an instrument to share encounters and connect with general society. Books raise the open conversation since they assume a significant job in giving data, drawing in various degree of individuals and furthermore contribute conversation of open. In the first place, the books significant in the improvement of science itself

The Sleeping Venus and Olympia free essay sample

The Sleeping Venus/Dresden Venus, Giorgione with scene and sky by Titian. 1510 [pic] Olympia, Edouard Manet. 1863 The Sleeping Venus, or Dresden Venus, is by Italian Renaissance craftsman Giorgione. It is one of the last works however Giorgione and the scene and sky were really wrapped up by Titian after Giorgione’s passing in 1510. The artwork depicts a naked lady relaxing in sleep. A lot of exertion was placed into the shadows and subtleties of the foundation. Subsequently, the woman’s position appears to impersonate the scene of the foundation. One part of the artwork that was so progressive is Giorgione’s decision to paint the lady bare. This wasn’t normal of his time and is generally viewed as the beginnings of current workmanship. Other than the conspicuous suggestion of bareness, there are basic ramifications of sensuality in the situating of the lady. Venus’s lifted arm and her left hand place on her crotch infer sexiness. We will compose a custom article test on The Sleeping Venus and Olympia or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Another basic topic to this piece in that of the human body being a characteristic, life form object of the earth. This is connected by the bends of the scene mirroring those of Venus. An interesting subtlety to be noted is that of the shade of the sheets. It is progressively regular to see a warm tone in texture of the time. Be that as it may, in this piece they are an obvious and differentiating silver. This further emphasizes the delicate and natural nature of Venus and the scene. Olympia is oil on canvas by Edouard Manet. Painted in 1863, it is of a leaning back bare lady being gone to by a house cleaner. It was propelled yet Titian’s Venus of Urbino. The differentiation of this piece to Giorgione’s The Sleeping Venus, is that this piece has more to do with the authenticity of the topic then the way that the lady is naked. This lady, appearing to be a mistress is being given blossoms, thought to be a blessing from a customer. This isn't average topic of the period. Regardless of the complexity to Giorgione’s Venus, there is the regular certainty that the two pieces were a stunning takeoff from scenes of their time. The distinction in each pieces stun factor is the Olympia was not stunning a result of nakedness like The Sleeping Venus. The frontal look and the subtleties portraying the lady as a concubine were what staggered watchers. Such things were not described in workmanship at that point. Subtleties, for example, her pearl stud, arm band, the orchid in her hair and the oriental cloak are on the whole images of riches and arousing quality. These images are what distinguish her as a mistress and accentuate a well proportioned and sexual environment. Her position is additionally in close harmony to that of Giorgione’s Venus, however depict a no-no side of suggestion rather the Giorgione’s natural and â€Å"of the earth† sensuality.

Examine the roots of the Russian Mafia and account for its influence Essay

Look at the underlying foundations of the Russian Mafia and record for its impact in Russia today - Essay Example The Mafia is an illicit association which is engaged with sorted out crime. Inflexible standards, viciousness and restraining infrastructure of criminal operations are a portion of its characteristics. â€Å"Gambetta characterizes the Mafia as an industry which supplies private insurance (Gambetta, 1991:2). The Mafia produce and sells an extremely exceptional ware, trust or insurance. Like ‘organized crime’ as a rule, the Mafia plans to deliver, promote and sell assurance in strife with the state. The Mafia work in those monetary exchanges and understandings where security is either wastefully provided or can't be provided at all by the state†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (The Russian Mafia: Do Rational Choice Models Apply?, date ?: p.7-8). Like the cases made by Gambetta, Hobsbawn additionally keeps up that the â€Å"Mafia will in general create in social orders in which residents view the specialists as unfriendly. He contends that the Mafia gives an equal manly law and composed for ce in social orders wherein the official government isn't compelling, and a large portion of the residents in the regions under its impact accept that it is the main successful law and power† (The Russian Mafia: Do Rational Choice Models Apply?, date ?: p.7) The Russian Mafia has regularly been concentrated in correlation with the Sicilian Mafia. The rise of the last in Southern Italy was because of the lopsided change of the market economy. The Italian residents lost trust in the Italian state because of the way that property rights and individual insurance was not completely given by it. This prompted an ascent in the interest for ‘protection’ and this assurance was thus given by the Mafia. Likewise, some portion of the development of the Russian Mafia owes itself to the vague progress of its market economy wherein there were no definite standards and guidelines to administer the makers, dealers and shoppers. Residents were along these lines deprived of lawful security and

Southwest Airline Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Southwest Airline Case - Essay Example ch in the long run was Southwest’s essential quality and one of the significant supporter of their prosperity), can additionally advance organization devotion among its representatives which consequently will convey extraordinary as well as rather, superb client support that will completely fulfill their clients. Southwest Airlines’ example of overcoming adversity was certainly not a simple undertaking to achieve on the grounds that, as another participant in the aircraft business route, thinking back to the seventies, they needed to fight out huge and settled carrier organizations, for example, Continental Air just to have the option to pick up partakes in the market and furthermore, they even need to tragically stick on to (uncalled for) state arrangements, one of which was the purported Wright Amendment, whose supposed goal was to back off Southwest’s progress [â€Å"Southwest Airlines (A)† p.53]. In any case, in spite of the considerable number of snags upsetting their organization development, Southwest’s methodology in going up against this situation be that as it may, under the authority of Herb Keller the company’s CEO, was to give more concentration into improving its administrations more for their customers’ fulfillment and joy as opposed to be incited and get discouraged by the forced dangers of their rivals. Among the other winning systems that Southwest have cultivated, which inevitably spring-loaded up their intensity, were to travel to air terminals that are underutilized and near a metropolitan territory (advantageous for voyagers and particularly for business explorers), visit on-time flights and appearances, constant flying (from purpose of-inception to goal), quicker turnarounds (which means, additional time passing quickly noticeable all around than being on the ground), obviously having minimal effort tolls which clearly is alluring to clients, and the best part is that their incredible quality client care [â€Å"Southwest Airlines (A)† p.55]. Yet, to give accentuation on the major upper hand of Southwest against the entirety of their rivals is their cost-sparing structure in light of their more extended or relentless

How to Communicate Effectively

The points we have examined for this present week identifies with the video in manners that show how to convey adequately and maintain the focal point of the crowd on what the author or the speaker is discussing. It instructs how to turn into a gifted speaker and how to arrange contemplations in the correct point of view to pick up reliability from the specific crowd that is invited by the subject picked to speak about.This video was configuration to give everybody who watched it a thought of how to spur himself s an open speaker. It gives thoughts on the most proficient method to upgrade the intensity of the capacities an open speaker has on impacting individuals that are tuning in and it offers motivation to the individuals who the message contact in an exceptional manner. These are things in which we have talked about and relate to a great extent on the speakers' capacity on how well these tips are utilized to affect the ears of the audience. The most important practice in the vid eo to me is the one that gives understanding on the best way to prevail upon the audience.First a speaker must hose a subject that the individuals need to find out about as opposed to picking something that mollifies him. To get the group included the speaker ought to pose inquiries that will permit the crowd to consider the message that is being passed on to create a longing to keep getting familiar with the subject. One to pull in the crowd when freely talking is the capacity of realizing what to wear to draw in the consideration of the group. I accept that the blend of dress wear and presence of the speaker assumes a significant job in getting the consideration of the audience.My guidance about conveying a compelling discourse starts with pulling in your crowd. A speaker can catch the crowd consideration by exploiting the crowd by giving them what they need. The speaker ought to do the schoolwork and research expected to give precise and reliable data to demonstrate his discoveri es on some random theme he chooses to talk about. Precision will help impact the audience members and convince them into hearing the speaker convey the whole message. The most effective method to Communicate Effectively Great night everyone, I trust you make the most of my discourse. My subject today is correspondence. My discourse is titled â€Å"How to convey adequately. † Because I am a poor communicator, particularly to impart in English. Today my motivation is to trust all of you can become successful communicators. How about we talk about successful correspondence strategies. Getting your pointacross and telling individuals how you feel is significant. Some of the time terrible choices are made and individuals reach an inappropriate resolutions as a result of poor correspondence. In this way, great correspondence can assist you with prevailing throughout everyday life. Here's some counsel on the most proficient method to impart effecively. To begin with, correspondence is transmitting a message. Correspondence is a procedure of sharing data. It's the trading of contemplations or thoughts. Correspondence is an amazing asset. It's getting a message over. It's additionally getting realities or inofrmation. Compelling relational abilities are basic. Viable correspondence prompts achievement. Great communicators are consistently in high deamand. Why great communicators are in high deamand, in light of the fact that numerous businesses are happy to pay enormous compensations to great communicators. Second, the way to correspondence is lucidity. We ought to consistently make correspondence understood and direct. We ought to never be extravagant or verbose. Continuously keep the message basic. Keep it explicit and to the point. Keep it straightforward. State just what's significant. State what's applicable and down to earth. Keep your message definite however short. Third, the objective of correspondence is understanding. The message must be comprehended. The crowd must fathom. To do that , you have to know your crowd. You should know your listerner's experience. You should tailor your message and style to suit them. Pick your words cautiously. Recollect â€Å"less is more. Now and again, less of something is vastly improved. Recall â€Å"quality is a higher priority than amount. † Finally, follow these tips to impart like a genius! Practice each opportunity you get. Practice is the way to learning. Great communicators rehash the primary message to make it progressively reasonable. They fortify the significance through reiteration. They generally request criticism to ensure and reconfirm to themselves that they wre comprehended. They rehash the primary plan to make it progressively justifiable. Great communicators likewise use non-verbal communication. Each general public has a one of a kind physical language. I's significant that you're mindful of this. A great many people use nonverval correspondence. More often than not it's inner mind. Great communicators use hand signals and enthusiastic articulations. They utilize different talking tones to get consideration. Non-verbal communication communicates what's truly going on. You can gain proficiency with a ton about an individual. Simply watch themany sinals they're sending you. The arms and legs are a telling source. We should be comfortable with essential non-verbal communication. All in all, sort out your considerations before you talk. Reconsider before you open your mouth. Continuously keep the message basic and clear. State what you mean and mean what you state. Never lie and never delude anybody. Let's assume it with style, certainty and eagerness. Ensure your're understonnd. Ensure you practice a great deal and practice. You'll before long be anefficient communicator. Truth be told, to state is one activity is another. It's anything but difficult to state yet uncomfortable to work. As you most likely are aware I am an awful communicator, particularly in English to commuicate. The entirety of my loved ones part didn't have the foggiest idea what I was stating. All the criticism I have are â€Å"Please state that once more. I'm somewhat confounded. Or then again I trust you can disclose it all the more obviously to me. † How poor I am. That is the reason I think great correspondence is significant. Expectation everybody become compelling communicators.

A New England Spring

A New England Spring In a conversation I was having with my good buddy, Quinton, today about the current weather and the sudden drop in temperature from last week, he gently reminded me, You chose to live here in Massachusetts. To which I thought, Youre darn right, pal! But of course, now that I live in Cambridge, MA, how do I come to terms with the fact that I will NEVER have a pleasantly warm spring break? Hmmwell, there are a few ways to enjoy a New England spring and it does have its charms, I suppose. First way to enjoy a spring in Cambridge: Find the appropriate attire. Now, when I arrived to the Cambridge area from Colorado, I instantly became acutely aware of the fact that I could not gauge the weather here and, moreover, I did not have the appropriate attire to gauge the weather; for me, it was either really cold from head to toe or very warm up top with my tootsies freezing. Let me explain with some visuals: Bea in CO from November to February Bea in CO from March to October As time progressed and I became more aware of my surroundings (and somewhat more worldly), I stumbled upon this!!! Real live couple enjoying (thats Ms. Natalie Portman) enjoying a New England Spring, I presume. Not only did I become a bit more stylish with the aquisition of the peacoat, but I found that happy medium between breaking into a sweat in my all-weather/terrain-goose-feather-stuffed-poked-and-prodded-super-hyper-ultra-warm jacket and, say, catching hypothermia because I was only warming my tootsies with Uggs. 2.   Second way to enjoy a New England spring: Rainboots! And lots of them! So, as you now know, I am from Colorado and the area in which I grew up had a very dry and arid climate. I hardly ever had to watch out for rainstorms in the spring (or any time, for that matter). In fact, if there was a rainstorm in the spring, there was a good chance tornado sirens would be wailing throughout the storm. But anywho! One of the big things I learned about Cambridge springs is that there is rain involved and lots of it. And lots of rainboots are involved. So many rainboots, in fact, that there many  different kinds  from which to choose. These are my EXACT rainboots and I actually made sure I purchased rainboots with a heel because I like to feel tall when I stand in puddles  I am short. 3.     Third way to enjoy a New England spring: Fiddlehead Ferns If theres one thing I learned about Cambridge in the spring, is that people eagerly await the arrival of spring not for the weather, but for fiddlehead ferns (in fact, I found an article written in 2008 announcing the arrival of 2000 lbs of fiddlehead ferns in Boston!). So, what exactly are they? Well, according to my trusty source (Wiki, to be exact) they are the furled fronds of young fern[and] are a source of Omega 3 and Omega 6. In other words, its good for you and its definition is an alliteration. Also, you might look like this when you eat it:                                           Welp, those are all my tips for now. If anybody else can think of anything incoming prefrosh from outside the NE area should know about Cambridge, feel free to share below. Ciao.

AGI and Income Inequality - Free Essay Example

When you look at the form Instructions on Filing 1040, there is a lot of information that goes into filing a 1040 and taxes in general. AGI is calculated from what you list and claim as your Gross Income, therefore what you have listed as your Gross Income will affect your AGI. If your Gross Income is incorrectly given, then the AGI could be incorrect as well. When you read the instructions for filling out the 1040 form, most of the lines specifically say If you and refer to checking boxes on your status on a certain piece of information. For example, under filing status, under Married Filing Jointly it says, If you file a joint return, both you and your spouse are generally responsible for the tax and interest or penalties due on the return, and gives instructions to check the filing status that applies to you. In a lot of cases, especially cases that people feel that they wont be audited by the IRS, they will try to manipulate the tax system even if its just slightly to affect their tax returns. Overall, with millions of people also having this idea, this, in my opinion, would probably affect the inequality measurement in the United States. While AGI gives some type of measurement for inequality in the United States, I dont think that it completely gives an accurate measurement of income inequality. In my opinion, it could go either way with incomplete given tax form data. If everyone were to fill out the forms correctly and truthfully, then we could be surprised at a decrease in income inequality or be not as surprised at an increase of income inequality. We have witnessed in our Lorenz curve graphs gini coefficients that income inequality is real and that its surprisingly extremely high towards the richer portion of the population versus the poorer portion of the population. I expected this, but not at the extent that the Lorenz curve showed. However, our gini coefficients and our Lorenz curves showed data for only one year. Each year is different for every US citizen in calculating AGI. Another thing to point out, if you look at the 1040 instructions towards the bottom, it will show you how citizens and households are grouped into quintiles based on income. When measuring income inequality, it doesnt take into account change over time and how households can have positive or negative mobility in their incomes. The statistics do not reflect the reality that income for many households changes over time i.e., incomes are mobile. For most people, income increases over time as they move from their first, low-paying job in high school to a better-paying job later in their lives (Thomas A. Garrett, The Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis). A measurement of all households AGI changes over time, instead of looking at household quintiles each year, would be a better measurement of income inequality because it would show income mobil ity; however, it still might not show that households can choose to exclude some data and income sources from their tax documents. In my opinion, the tax system is a flawed system, which means the AGI is a flawed representation of income inequality in the United States. I think that further research is needed in order to calculate income inequality instead of solely looking at AGI. On the other hand, I do think that, according to Adjusted Gross Income and our constructed Lorenz curves, that the upper class is most definitely seeing an increase in income more quickly than everyone else. I think that the poorer portion of the population is underrepresented as far as the 1040 documents and AGI states. This over and under representation could be what is leading us to believe that income inequality is very high compared to earlier years.

Is Diabetes A Chronic Metabolic Disorder - 1161 Words

Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder, affects 9.3% of the U.S population. The prevalence is much higher in the population of age 65 or older, reaching 25.9%. It was the seventh leading cause of death in the U.S in 2010, evidenced by a total of 234,051 certificates including both underlying causes and contributing causes. Multiple factors contribute to the development of diabetes, although the exact pathogenesis is still undetermined. Patients with diabetes usually require a lifestyle change, diet modification, medication management, or even surgery to control symptoms or disease progression. Currently, diabetes mellitus (DM) is classified into four types: type I, type II, gestational diabetes and other types. Of all DM, 9 out†¦show more content†¦The patients usually present with significant weight loss as well as classical symptoms, including polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia. The causes of type I DM are uncertain, although emerging evidence demonstrates that genetic susceptibility, virus, environment, as well as chemical materials contribute to the development. The interplay of these various factors ends in destroying the pancreatic cell, resulting in lifelong insulin requirement to keep patient survival. Gestational diabetes, affecting approximately 3-10% of pregnancies, is diagnosed by hyperglycemia during pregnancy in women without a history of diabetes. The underlying cause of gestational diabetes remains unknown, although the interference of pregnancy hormones, such as human placental lactogen, with susceptible insulin receptors, has been considered. The patients usually have few symptoms, and they are often diagnosed by screening during routine pregnancy check-up. For the mother, glucose intolerance typically disappears after the baby is born. However, gestational diabetes often places the body at risk. Babies born to mothers with poor hyperglycemia control are often at increased risk of series problems including macrosomia, which associates with a high chance of C-section, shoulder dystocia, hypoglycemia after birth, polycythemia as well as multiple chemical disorders. Other forms of diabetes include congenital diabetes, infection related

Women During World War II - 1731 Words

The beginning of World War II saw Australians see war on their shores for the first time, as well as having to travelling overseas to fight another war. It required young men to leave their country to fight, this affected the women who were left behind. World War II started in 1939 and ended in 1945. World War II was a large world conflict. During this world conflict Australia was under the threat of attack for the first time. When the war started there was a lack of man power on the home front which led to women having to step up and join the workforce. Women had many roles to be played in this epidemic, both on the home front and overseas. They were expected to undertake roles that they had never been encouraged to undertake before. During this time women had to make many sacrifices. The war changed women’s lives in the long term in a large way. Australian women played a large role in Australia’s war effort, both overseas and on the home front. Overseas women mainly a cted as nurses but they were also allowed to fight for the first time. In World War I, women were considered too fragile to fight so they were not allowed to serve in the armed forces but when World War II started women were allowed to serve in the armed forces. Women were not permitted to hold combat positions, they were allowed to hold service rank in the army, air force and navy. Their tasks usually involved clerical duties, but many servicewomen performed traditionally male tasks such as signalling,Show MoreRelatedWomen During World War II1534 Words   |  7 PagesDuring World War I, women stayed at home, aided the Red Cross, and volunteered with churches and civic groups to collect donations. Women s roles in World War II challenged the traditional roles of homemaker and caregiver. Women took on a more active role in the military and held positions alongside men. They were trusted with more responsibilities and offered more freedom than they had during the First World War. Wom en held more traditional roles in comparison to World War II when women took onRead MoreWomen During World War II1059 Words   |  5 Pages Women during World War II In the past, WWII and WWI, women were very dominant; they had to take care of their children, do all the chores and also had to cook the food. During WWII, women had to take place for the men (First world war.com). The war changed the life for all Canadian women. When men went to fight, women were called upon to fill their jobs, and this included many jobs that were previously thought of unsuitable for women. Women were called up for war work fromRead MoreWomen During World War II Essay1356 Words   |  6 Pages1941 was the day when America declared war, but it was also the years following that women had the chance to show their patriotism in a way they never had before; working outside of their homes. World War II was a chance to contribute to what was needed most, the war efforts. In a dire situation that is War, women moved from their homes help the America for the better of society and their husbands off at war. Before the War Prior to World War II women were seen as house wives, taking careRead MoreWomen During World War II1674 Words   |  7 PagesIn World War II, women contributed in many ways by entering the battle. Some of the jobs the women held were Army nurses, Red Cross members, factory work, etc. The United States were one of the few countries that put their women to work and was ridiculed for it. In 1948, President Truman signed the Women s Armed Services Integration Act which authorized regular and reserve status for women in the Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps. These women showed true leadership by becoming leaders in battleRead MoreWomen During World War II1793 Words   |  8 Pages2060 Marilyn Miller Women in World War II Introduction Before World War II, women were the ones customarily responsible for taking care of their houses and children. Typically, they were not allowed to pursue their dreams of having a career in the field of their choosing. It wasn’t until the start of World War II that women were allowed to venture outside of their homes and housekeeping tasks to explore a whole new world of opportunities created by wartime efforts. Women were needed to fill theRead MoreWomen During World War II1450 Words   |  6 PagesWomen and war have always been considered to have little in common. As the gentle sex, women are traditionally associated with the care and creation of life rather than with its destruction. However, over the past twenty years, women have increasingly served, and continue to serve, with valor and integrity in the Unites States Armed Forces (Kamarack, 2015). Although women have successfully proved themselves in the military, they should be restricted from entering into direct com bat because they areRead MoreWomen During World War II2218 Words   |  9 PagesWomen in America have faced gender suppression for centuries. From issues such as not being able to vote, to equal wage rights, feminists and suffragettes have fought for their place in society. During World War II, women began to shape the world around them by taking jobs in large numbers, as men had to leave their jobs to enlist. This was supported through one of America’s cultural icons, Rosie the Riveter, who represented a strong, working woman. However, once the men returned at war’s end, womenRead MoreWomen During World War II1825 Words   |  8 Pages During World War II, women in the United States were seeing societal transitions that created a pathway for equality between the sexes. Women during the Second World War were given considerable opportunities in the workforce and armed services and restrictions previously set on women were breaking at the seams. Before World War II, women were seen as only house wives and mothers to their partners child. These societal roles for women also oppressed them and only at this time could men be theRead MoreWomen During The World War II2031 Words   |  9 PagesWomen in Conflict World War II took 690,000,000 men from their homes and six years to complete. Over these six years, with thousands of men away serving in the armed forces, the women of Germany and England both experienced significant lifestyle changes. Wartime gender roles were largely shaped by the political leaders of each country during the war; German Adolf Hitler led his women down the conservative and traditionalist path while British Winston Churchill embraced female independence and genderRead MoreWomen During World War II2442 Words   |  10 PagesDuring World War II, the roles of women have forever been changed. Young men and women decided to marry just before their sweethearts went overseas to fight for their country. As the men fought abroad, we began to see women on the Home Front encouraged to be more independent and finding jobs of their own. These females in the United States stepped up to the plate and began working jobs that many men had before. Women stepped up and began working in factories, participating in organizations in regards

The 17th Amendment to the US Constitution

On March 4, 1789, the first group of United States senators reported for duty in the brand new U.S. Congress. For the next 124 years, while many new senators would come and go, not a single one of them would have been elected by the American people. From 1789 to 1913, when the Seventeenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was ratified, all U.S. senators were chosen by the state legislatures. Key Takeaways: The 17th Amendment The 17th Amendment to the United States Constitution provides for the election of senators by voters in the states they are to represent, rather than by the state legislatures and establishes the method for filling vacancies in the Senate.The 17th Amendment was proposed in 1912 and ratified on April 8, 1913. Senators were first elected by the people in Maryland in 1913, and nationwide in the general election of November 3,1914. The 17th Amendment provides that senators should be directly elected by voters in the states they are to represent, rather than by the state legislatures. It also provides a method for filling vacancies in the Senate. The amendment was proposed by the 62nd Congress in 1912 and adopted in 1913 after being ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the then 48 states. Senators were first elected by voters in special elections in Maryland in 1913 and Alabama in 1914, then nationwide in the general election of 1914. With the right of the people to choose some of the most powerful officials of the U.S. federal government seemingly such an integral part of American democracy, why did it take so for that right to be granted? Background The framers of the Constitution, convinced that senators should not be popularly elected, crafted Article I, section 3 of the Constitution to state, â€Å"The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each state, chosen by the legislature thereof for six Years; and each Senator shall have one Vote.† The framers felt that allowing the state legislatures to choose senators would secure their loyalty to the federal government, thus increasing the Constitution’s chances of ratification. In addition, the framers felt that senators chosen by their state legislatures would be better able to concentrate on the legislative process without having to deal with public pressure. While the first measure to amend the Constitution to provide for the election of senators by popular vote was introduced in the House of Representatives in 1826, the idea failed to gain traction until the late 1850s when several state legislatures began to deadlock over the election of senators resulting in lengthy un-filled vacancies in the Senate. As Congress struggled to pass legislation dealing with momentous issues like slavery, states’ rights, and threats of state secession , the Senate vacancies became a critical issue. However, the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, along with the long post-war period of reconstruction, would further delay action on the popular election of senators. During reconstruction, the difficulties of passing legislation needed to reunite the still-ideologically divided nation were further complicated by Senate vacancies. A law passed by Congress in 1866 regulating how and when senators were chosen in each state helped, but deadlocks and delays in several state legislatures continued. In one extreme example, Delaware failed to send a senator to Congress for four years from 1899 to 1903. Constitutional amendments to elect senators by popular vote were introduced in House of Representatives during every session from 1893 to 1902. The Senate, however, fearing the change would diminish its political influence, rejected them all. Widespread public support for change came in 1892 when the newly-formed Populist Party made the direct election of senators a key part of its platform. With that, some states took the matter into their own hands. In 1907, Oregon became the first state to select its senators by direct election. Nebraska soon followed suit, and by 1911, more than 25 states were selecting their senators through direct popular elections. The States Force Congress to Act When the Senate continued to resist the growing public demand for the direct election of senators, several states invoked a rarely-used constitutional strategy. Under Article V of the Constitution, Congress is required to call a constitutional convention for the purpose of amending the Constitution whenever two-thirds of the states demand it to do so. As the number of states applying to invoke Article V neared the two-thirds mark, Congress decided to act. Debate and Ratification In 1911, one of the senators who had been popularly elected, Senator Joseph Bristow from Kansas, offered a resolution proposing the 17th Amendment. Despite significant opposition, the Senate narrowly approved Senator Bristow’s resolution, largely on the votes of senators who recently had been popularly elected. After long, often heated debate, the House finally passed the amendment and sent it to the states for ratification in the spring of 1912. On May 22, 1912, Massachusetts became the first state to ratify the 17th Amendment. Connecticuts approval on April 8, 1913, gave the 17th Amendment the required three-fourths majority. With 36 of 48 states having ratified the 17th Amendment, it was certified by Secretary of State William Jennings Bryan on May 31, 1913, as part of the Constitution. In total, 41 states eventually ratified the 17th Amendment. The state of Utah rejected the amendment, while the states of Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, South Carolina, and Virginia took no action on it. Effect of the 17th Amendment: Section 1 Section 1 of the 17th Amendment restates and amends the first paragraph of Article I, section 3 of the Constitution to provide for the direct popular election of U.S. senators by replacing the phrase â€Å"chosen by the Legislature thereof† with â€Å"elected by the people thereof.† Effect of the 17th Amendment: Section 2 Section 2 altered the way in which vacant Senate seats are to be filled. Under Article I, section 3, the seats of senators who left office before the end of their terms were to be replaced by the state legislatures. The 17th Amendment gives the state legislatures the right to allow the state’s governor to appoint a temporary replacement to serve until a special public election can be held. In practice, when a Senate seat becomes vacant near the national general election, the governors typically choose not to call a special election. Effect of the 17th Amendment: Section 3 Section 3 of the 17th Amendment simply clarified that the amendment did not apply to Senators chosen before it became a valid part of the Constitution. Text of the 17th Amendment Section 1.The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. The electors in each State shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branch of the State legislatures. Section 2.When vacancies happen in the representation of any State in the Senate, the executive authority of each State shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies: Provided That the legislature of any State may empower the executive thereof to make temporary appointments until the people fill the vacancies by election as the legislature may direct. Section 3.This amendment shall not be so construed as to affect the election or term of any Senator chosen before it becomes valid as part of the Constitution.

Essay - 641 Words

Maria F Ortiz May 01, 2016 Essay #3 – Everyday Use â€Å"The Character of Dee in Everyday Use† While reading the story Everyday Use by Alice Walker, I found that I had a surprising amount of anger towards the character named Dee, or as she prefers Wangero. The anger that was instilled in me was caused by numerous comments and actions that occurred throughout reading the short story. I feel she was selfish, uneducated and unappreciative of her past and that the way she carried herself was ridiculous. Right from the beginning of my readings you are introduced to a character named Dee, before you ever get the opportunity to warm up to her character, she shows a very selfish characteristic and that trait is repeatedly brought out in the†¦show more content†¦When her mother asks what she doesnt understand, Dee replied, your heritage, when the mother knows exactly where she came from and is still living that life, Dee feels she can tell her mother where she came from?. What crossed the line in my opinion of Dee was that she was completely unappreciative. I had gotten the f eeling that the mother in the story had worked long and hard raising her daughters, supplied food and clothes, and even got Dee into college somehow, and Dee returns with her college education and new personality trying to preach to her mother and sister about what they are doing wrong. Numerous times she spoke down, not only to the mother, but little sister also. Then Dee begins to take their personal property, property she didnt want earlier when she had been asked. The reason for my writing on this story and this topic is clear. While reading this piece, I had actually gotten emotionally worked up and angered by the actions of the character Dee. I call her Dee and not Wangero throughout my writings because I felt the change she made was for all the wrong reasons. You see this everyday, people claiming alliances or changing themselves into something that they are not and know nothing about. Dee came off as selfish, uneducated and unappreciative to say the least. In reality her sister and mother are aware of their heritage and knowShow MoreRelatedWhat Is an Essay?1440 Words   |  6 PagesBuscemi Essay #3 Rough Draft An essay is a creative written piece in which the author uses different styles such as diction, tone, pathos, ethos or logos to communicate a message to the reader using either a personal experience, filled with morals and parables, or a informative text filled with educational terms. Educational terms could mean the usage of complicated and elevated words or simply information you would get in schools. Some authors, such as Cynthia Ozick, claim that an essay has noRead Morenarrative essay1321 Words   |  6 PagesNarrative Essay A Brief Guide to Writing Narrative Essays Narrative writing tells a story. In essays the narrative writing could also be considered reflection or an exploration of the author s values told as a story. The author may remember his or her past, or a memorable person or event from that past, or even observe the present. When you re writing a narrative essay, loosen up. After all, you re basically just telling a story to someone, something you probably do every day in casual conversationRead MoreApplication Essay : A Process Essay770 Words   |  4 Pagesassign an essay. The entire class lets out a groan that could be heard from miles away, however this doesn’t phase your professor. The essay is assigned: a process essay. Now what? What is a process essay? How do you go about writing one? How do you get the A you so desperately need? This paper will discuss everything one needs to know in order to write the perfect process essay such as the definition of a process essay, how to construct it, and how to use proper transitions to make the essay flow. Read MoreEssay763 Words   |  4 PagesCan’t be Built on Soccer Fever† and â€Å"Na Na Na Na, Hey Hey, Goodbye† In Jonathan Zimmerman’s essay â€Å"African National Identities Can’t Be Built on Soccer Fever† he describes how soccer brings the people of Africa together. He talks about the unity of Africans and how much soccer is a part of their lives. He also describes the underlying reason of why soccer is so heavily pushed. The perspective in the essay â€Å"Na Na Na Na, Hey Hey, Goodbye† Tim Bowling discusses his passion for hockey and his hate forRead MoreThe Colonel Essay1320 Words   |  6 PagesIn the essay, The Colonel, Michael Hogan illustrates the importance of the influential sport of tennis. Hogan writes about how tennis changed his life from an early age. When he was younger he saw tennis as a rich mans sport in which he had no interest. One of his much-respected neighbors, the colonel, approached Hogan’s father with the idea that his son might like to learn how to play tennis. After pondering the thought with his father, Hogan decided to take t he offer. The Colonel became his mentorRead MorePersuasive Essays : Persuasive Essay897 Words   |  4 Pagesbegan this class, I loved to write persuasive essays. I loved to write about my own opinions and I was quite good at convincing people to agree with my stand points. To convince others to agree on my point of view was an extraordinary feeling. I am very good at getting my point across and giving my reasons on why I feel the way I do about a certain situation. I loved writing persuasive essays because I love to read them as well. I love how persuasive essays have a call-to-action; giving the readers aRead MoreEnglish Composition One: To Be an Essay or Not to Be an Essay That Is the Question910 Words   |  4 Pages In the past, the mention to have to write a paper for an assignment caused me to break out in a sweat or my mouth instantly dries, well it does not have that kind of effect on me anymore. The key to successfully completing the essay on time is getting to researc h the topic at hand as soon as possible or before the process of writing begins. The next step for me would be to find the argument and take a side. Moreover, picking a thesis statement through brainstorming the information I gathered forRead More Flight Essay834 Words   |  4 Pages Essay on quot;Flightquot; amp;#9;It is always hard to get separated from someone you love and with whom you have shared every moment of his life until he decides to walk on a different path than yours. You dont know how to react and confusion dominates your mind. Should you be angry at him for leaving you, or should you support and respect his decision ? In her essay quot;Flight,quot; Doris Lessing illustrates the story of an old man who is learning to let go his granddaughter as she growsRead MoreEssay and Academic Life1117 Words   |  5 Pageslanguage learner? Discuss two or three problems with specific examples and details. Ex. 9 Analyzing students’ essays. Use the assignment and the Student Essays to answer the following questions. Assignment: Computers have become an important part of educational process. Write convincing illustration to this statement. Use specific and convincing examples and details. Student Essay 1 Computer as a multipurpose universal instrument of education. In our days computers have become an importantRead More Community Essay843 Words   |  4 Pagesan important effect on the shaping of a person’s character is key in both Pythia Peay’s essay, â€Å"Soul Searching† and Winona LaDuke’s interview transcribed in essay form entitled, â€Å"Reclaiming Culture and the Land: Motherhood and the Politics of Sustaining Community†. The two authors present ideas, similar and different, of what it means to live in and be a part of community. Through examining these two essays, summarizing and synthesizing, we can gain a better understanding of what community is and

Robert M Lafollette Free Essays

Vocation: Politician- was youngest member of United States House of Representatives at age 29 in 1884, Senator of Wisconsin, Progressive party representative candidate (1912), one-time presidential candidate (1924). Lawyer- district attorney in Wisconsin; ran a successful legal firm in Wisconsin. Background: †¢Family: Born into a poor but respectable family in Dane County, Wisconsin. We will write a custom essay sample on Robert M Lafollette or any similar topic only for you Order Now Father died eight months after Robert’s birth. Mother worked extremely hard to support her four children. Married Belle Case LaFollette and had 4 children including Robert M. LaFollette Jr. , and Philip Fox La Follette, both of whom followed Robert Sr. into politics. A gifted speaker, he considered pursuing a career in acting, but was instead driven to law by need to support family. †¢Education: Attended University of Wisconsin-Madison and University of Wisconsin Law School. He supported himself by teaching school and editing the school periodical at university. †¢Legal Life: Admitted as an attorney into the Wisconsin bar in 1880. Within a year he had been elected district attorney of Dane County, Wisconsin. Was in United States House of Representatives for three terms, from 1884-1890. After tenure there, he returned to work at his prosperous legal firm. Become governor of Wisconsin in 1900. Moved from governor to United States Senate in 1906, where he served as an active member of the progressive division of the Republican Party until death in 1925. Disliked by many members of the Senate due to his non-conforming ways and fiercely honest manner. Defining Moment: A few months after his failure to earn re-election into Congress, LaFollette was approached by another state Republican leader who offered him a bribe to fix a court case against several former state officials (LaFollette did not accept). Contributions: As governor, he created corporate tax and implemented â€Å"The Wisconsin Idea†, a plan to use government as an agent of social and political reform. LaFollette worked on reforming taxes, railroads, banking, conservation, insurance, public service, and industrial problems. When Woodrow Wilson won the election in 1912, he adopted many of LaFollette’s political ideas. They worked together to create the Department of Labor and the Federal Trade Commission. LaFollette fought for higher work wages and better working conditions. He also advocated women’s suffrage and civil rights for ethnic minorities. His ideas impacted entire 20th century. They led to laws benefiting the working class and even larger changes during presidential tenures of Franklin Roosevelt, Harry Truman, and Lyndon B. Johnson. How to cite Robert M Lafollette, Essay examples

Advertising and Promotion Integrated Marketing

Question: Discuss about the Advertising and Promotion for Integrated Marketing. Answer: Introduction: The National Sports Campus between the areas of Abbotstown and Blanchardstown formally came into existence on the 1st of January 2007. It was an initiative taken by The National Sports Campus Development Authority that is responsible for the development of sports infrastructure in the country. So far the company has been able to promote and encourage the usage of the campus and have also come up with significant expansion plans that led to the development of the National Indoor Arena which consists of three different facilities like the national indoor training center, national indoor athletics training center, national gymnastics training center. Since this section of the National Sports Campus has opened recently it is extremely important to have an excellent marketing plan for which it is important to understand the situation of the organisation and hence present section will take into account a situational analysis of the organisation (Strauss, 2016). PESTEL Analysis of the e-business environment Political: In the recent past the UK government has become very particular about the development of the e-business in the country which is definitely going to help the sport industry as more and more people are likely to get information about sports and training which is definitely going to boost the awareness of the organisation. The Governmental policies about E-Commerce business have been very positive as well as the government has taken initiative to develop the security of online transaction which also lays significant platform for the NIA to explore the online market. Economic: The e-commerce industry supported by the government as it slowly and steadily growing in strength. The total revenue from non financial e-commerce business went up to 403.8 billion in 2010 that is a steep rise by 24.9% as compared to 2008. In the recent past the e-commerce market of UK has seen rise in the B2C market which is an extremely important aspect for the development of this sector. UK as a country has been able to recuperate from the aftereffects of recession which has helped the consumers to spend their money in shopping which is a positive sign for the growth of this sector in the country as well as it could be said that there is an increasing trend of people getting interested in online stuffs which will help to create awareness for the launch of NIA (Kian Chong et al., 2010). Social: The emergence of internet has made life easier for the consumers and this is the biggest reason for the growth and development of the E-commerce business. The awareness of e-commerce is also an important aspect. The usage of applications has increased rapidly in the last couple of years improving the sales of the different e-commerce businesses. Seeing this rapid growth NIA should be happy as it is easier for the consumers to get in touch with the company through launch of the sports application. The changing social trends mainly show that consumers are largely inclined towards doing everything online and hence this gives significant advantage to the organisation. Technological: the improvement is technology is another key aspect of the growth of e-business companies may rejoice seeing the rapid technological influence on the business. Development of new smart devices and launching of applications is definitely going to improve the awareness of NIA. The NIA will be largely facilitated with the improvement in technological environment (West et al., 2015). Environmental: E-marketing is preferred nowadays as it is highly eco-friendly. This hardly creates any kind of pollution which is conducive for its use in the market. Hence the organisation wouldnt have to be worried about environmental issues. Legal: The EC Directive Regulations 2002 implement the law which all the companies doing e-commerce business will have to follow. By conforming to this law the organisation will be able to handle its electronic operations effectively (Dann Dann, 2011). Competitor analysis of NSC National Sports Campus in Ireland is one of the newest sports campuses in the country. Especially in Ireland the organisation enjoys monopoly. It could be said that there are hardly any competitors around in the country but all over UK there are number of Universities that provide sports education. But this campus is kind of a training ground for the athletes from different fields. The main difference between NSC and the other universities is that it has a strong infrastructure as well as it has all the possible facilities for athletics training. Out of these universities like Edinburgh, Leeds and Birmingham University have better online presence but they do not emphasise on being very active online. This is where the NIA could have significant advantage while promoting the launch of this section (Chaffey et al., 2009). SWOT Analysis of NSC Strengths The website of NSC is informative. Strong organisational philosophy hence better support for consumers. Easy clutter free website compatible to all devices providing ease of access. Key focuses on different athletics and sign ups are easy. Weaknesses The appearance of the fonts tends to be late showing technical weakness. Lack of visionary thinking in the website. Framework of the sight is not that attractive hence the consumers might lose interest (Barker et al., 2012). Opportunities Emerging online market Euro zone expansion Popularity of mobile applications. Threats Emerging sports market. Gradual development of new sports training centers. Pricing system of the organisation (Fill et al., 2012). Porters five forces Threat of new entry: Theres a moderate possibility of new entry. Market is basically in monopoly. Huge capital investment can hinder the plans of new entry. Supplier power: Supplier power is huge as the sports equipment and sports gear companies and hence supplier power is huge. Buyer power: Buyer power is low as the concept of NIA is new to the area and hence it could be said that the company might capitalise on the market. Competitive rivalry: It is moderate as NSC is nationally accredited and hence it competes with some of the other sports training setup in UK. Threats of substitution: Threat of substitution is low in this case as it provides huge facility regarding training and development of athletes (Belch Belchm 2012). Objectives of NSC To create awareness of the National Indoor Arena To provide excellent services to the consumers. To generate revenue for the growth and development of the organisation. To promote National Indoor Arena for the help of emerging athletes. E-Strategy The electronic strategy of the company mainly involves creation of awareness for the promotion of NIA through rigorous electronic marketing which will involve optimisation of the website through organic search engine optimisation, effective inbound marketing, development of marketing videos and social media awareness campaigns (Barker et al., 2012). Tactics The company will utilise a significant tactics to implement the strategy which is application development. This will be an application which would give all the possible information available on the NIA as well as NSC and will direct the viewer to the concerned place to watch some of the achievements of the organisation. This will be targeted to all the aspiring young athletes who will be enthusiastic about opening of the Training center (Dann Dann, 2011). Actions The company will implement all kinds of online strategies for instance mass mailing concept and newsletter messages. It will tie up with the national sports authority website and its social media sites to communicate with people online. It will also create videos for Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat, and in Youtube to engage people (Chaffey et al., 2009). Control Controls of the e-marketing plan will be analysed through key performance indicators. For instance the increase in enrollment of the athletes in the first six months should be 500 including all the fields. If the company is able to achieve this then it is growing. The website will be continuously improved and with the help of online analytical tools like Google Analytics the traffic of the website would be measured which will clearly show the performance of the company. Online user surveys will also be implemented especially to those who enroll with the organisation as well as to those who show interest on the application as well as the website which will help to understand what needs to changed and what not (Strauss, 2016). References Barker, M., Barker, D.I., Bormann, N.F. and Neher, K.E., 2012.Social media marketing: A strategic approach. Nelson Education. Belch, G.E. Belch, M.A. 2012 Advertising and Promotion, an Integrated Marketing Communications Perspective. 9th Ed. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Chaffey, D., Ellis-Chadwick, F., Mayer, R. and Johnston, K., 2009.Internet marketing: strategy, implementation and practice. Pearson Education. Dann, S. and Dann, S., 2011.E-marketing: theory and application. Palgrave macmillan. Fill, C., Hughes, G. De Francesco, S. 2012 Advertising; Strategy, Creativity and Media. Pearson Higher Education. Kian Chong, W., Shafaghi, M., Woollaston, C. and Lui, V., 2010. B2B e-marketplace: an e-marketing framework for B2B commerce.Marketing Intelligence Planning,28(3), pp.310-329. Strauss, J., 2016.E-marketing. Routledge. West, D., Ford, J. and Ibrahim, E., 2015.Strategic marketing: creating competitive advantage. Oxford University Press.

Consumer Behaviour for Great Eastern Singapore Run- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theConsumer Behaviour for Great Eastern Singapore Women Run. Answer: Consumer communities arise through market socialization that allows people to meet and discuss issues that revolve around them or affect the society that they live in. These communities create a consumer cultural landscape that allows people to share and shape their lives within the domains that are defined by the community (Giesler Pohlmann 2003, p. 97). Such domains may include, diet, exercise and other activities that the individual lives with to meet the demands of the community. The Great Eastern Womens Run Singapore is one of these communities that brings together different people for a charitable course. This essay analyses this consumer community to understand sociological patterns that revolve around the group. Muniz O'Guinn (2001, 421) suggests that developments witnessed in the society have pushed people to not only look at neighborhoods for association but rather to communality of consumption behavior. Most of These communities are created through advertisements that lure people to join and become part of them. The Great Eastern Womens Run Singapore has different activities that allow people to come together and connect. Once people have come together they get to know each other get social on media platforms where they discuss issues that are beyond the consumption that brought them together. Stokburger?Sauer Wiertz (2015, p. 240) suggest that these communities develop through a feeling wellbeing, common interests or common concerns that come from the common consumer product that they share. Coming together for the run and participating in different activities plays a social function to participants through creating a commercial identity that people wish to associate (Giesler Pohlmann 2003, p. 91). The communities defy the basis of features like geographical or social demographic boundaries that bring together but use an activity or event to define their identities. Like the Great Eastern Womens Run Singapore social media groups on Twitter and Facebook contain people who participated in such activities or are interested in future participation. Consumer identity develops through a pattern that consumers use to describe themselves. People no longer consume things in the society for functional satisfaction but use them as symbolic resources for construction and maintenance of identity (Zaglia 2013, p. 219). Therefore, brands and products are used to express their identities through use and identification with certain products in the society. When people use of certain products like the Great Run consumers derive social exchanges to form networks that satisfy their needs. Participants identify themselves based on categories that exist in the product then set social norms that define their group. Through these norms, a consumer identity is formed that shapes the way members engage and participate within the domain of the group. Such groups start with identity based on a common product like the charity run and extend the activities within the group beyond the identity that initially defined the group. The social relations that define the group shape the interpersonal behavior of members. As the group grows, the number such networks keeps expanding while the amount of time that people spent increases too. The western world is currently defined through these social networks that are continuously shaping the identities that people have. Symbolic consumption exists on the notion that products carry functional meanings that make them to be utilized as symbols. This implies that consumers only take products that hold particular meanings to them (Arnould Thompson 2008, p. 380). The Great Eastern Womens Run Singapore is run for 2017 was run for two charitable courses of the Breast Cancer Foundation and the Womens Health Research and Education Fund which raised S$57,000 (The Great Eastern Women Run Singapore, 2017). The theme color of the run is always red where participants. In Singapore red is a symbolic color that represents courage and strength. The color is said to stimulate energy and shows the zeal for the course that the event seeks to achieve(Prime, 2018). This color symbolically appears in the national flag and in the countries passport to show the history of the country. Further, the run is designed and promoted to champion issues affecting women. Since women are vulnerable in the society and require support. The run is a symbolic activity that seeks to promote the rights of women. On the other, since participants prepare in groups for the event, it is used as a socialization and networking activity that brings people together thus playing symbolic role that the event seeks to achieve. The Great Eastern Women Run Singapore consumer community can be defined as a symbolic community that seeks to achieve a common course of bringing together women for a small charitable activity to address issues that affect them. The fact that it contains entirely women, then it carries the symbolic meaning of addressing women related issues. The community is defined by consumers who come together to accomplish the mission of addressing issues that affect other women. This forms a brand community defined by passion that the group seeks to achieve (Woolf, et al. 2013, p. 99). The women connect on other platforms like Facebook based on the identities that they have formed to share broader issues that affect them. From the case of The Great Eastern Women Run Singapore, consumer communities develop based on functional functions that they seek to achieve in a brand or product. Brands and products are used as common symbols that bring people together but in real sense, consumers come together and develop their own consumer identities that define the social function that the group lives to accomplish. Through the charity run, Easter Singapore women have created a consumer identity that they explore beyond the charity event to other platforms like Facebook and twiter to address issues that affect women and the girl child. Therefore, the community plays a larger consumer role in the society that is beyond the product that connects them together. Consumption exists in such communities based on the symbolic meanings that people attach to such products, the identity that they form with and how they satisfy their socio-psychological needs based on the product. References Arnould, E. J. Thompson, C. J., 2008. Consumer Culture Theory (CCT): Twenty Years of Research. Journal of Consumer Research, 35(2). Giesler, M. Pohlmann, M., 2003. The social form of napster: cultivating the paradox of consumer emancipation. Advances in Consumer Research, Volume 30, pp. 84-100. Muniz, A. J. O'Guinn, T., 2001. Brand community Research. Journal of Consumer, 27(4), pp. 412-32. Prime, 2018. Colors and What they Mean. [Online] Available at: https://www.prime.sg/2016/08/17/colors-and-what-they-mean/ [Accessed 18 March 2018]. Stokburger?Sauer, N. E. Wiertz, C., 2015. Online Consumption Communities: An Introduction. Journal of Psychology and Marketing, 32(3), pp. 235-239. The Great Eastern Womens Run Singapore 2017. Thank You For Making #GEWR2017 A Great Success!. [Online] Available at: https://www.greateasternlife.com/greateasternwomensrun/index.html [Accessed 18 March 2018]. Woolf, J., Heere, B. Walker, M., 2013. Do Charity Sport Events Function as Brandfests in the Development of Brand Community?. Journal of Sport Management,, Volume 27, pp. 95-107. Zaglia, M., 2013. Brand communities embedded in social networks. Journal of Business Research, 66(2), pp. 216-223.

Vocabulaire Du Métro - French Subway Vocabulary

Vocabulaire Du Mà ©tro - French Subway Vocabulary Le meÃŒ tro parisien est la facÃŒ §on la plus simple et la plus rapide de voyager aÌ€ Paris et dans sa treÌ€s proche banlieue. Le meÃŒ tro marche tous les jours, de 5h30 du matin aÌ€ minuit et demi environ, c’est un train souterrain qui s’arreÌ‚te automatiquement aÌ€ chaque station. Il faut parfois que vous appuyez sur le bouton de la porte pour l’ouvrir. The Parisian subway is the fastest and easiest way to travel around Paris and in the nearby suburbs. The metro runs every day from 5:30 a.m. until around 12:30 a.m. It is an underground train that stops automatically at each station. It is sometimes necessary that you press the button on the door to open it. Le Tram Le tram est aÌ€ peu preÌ€s la meÌ‚me chose que le meÃŒ tro, sauf qu’il est aÌ€ l’exteÃŒ rieur, sur des rails dans la rue. The tram is almost the same thing as the subway except that it is above-ground and runs on rails in the street. Le RER Le RER est un train plus rapide, qui couvre de plus grandes distances et va dans les banlieues proches de Paris. Attention qu’il existe des trains express qui ne s’arreÌ‚tent pas aÌ€ toutes les stations. The RER is a faster train that travels greater distances and goes to the nearby Paris suburbs. Be careful, as there are express trains that do not stop at all the stations. And now, lets study the related vocabulary. Un ticket de meÃŒ tro : a ticketUn carnet de ticket : a book of tickets (usually ten)Un titre de transport : a ticket (more official)Un abonnement : a subscription, a pass  PoincÃŒ §onner / composter : to validateUn controÌ‚le : a check pointUn controÌ‚leur : a subway agentUne amende : a fineUn guichet : a boothUn bureau de tabac : a store where you buy tobaccoUn kiosque à  journaux : a newspaper standUne ligne de meÃŒ tro : a subway lineUn terminus : the last stopSouterrain : undergroundUn quai : a platformUne rame : a subway trainUne voiture : a train carUne correspondance : a connectionUn couloir : a corridorDes escaliers : stairsDes escaliers roulants : escalatorsUn plan de meÃŒ tro : a subway mapUn sieÌ€ge : a seatUn strapontin : a folding seatLes rails : rails To be informed of new articles, make sure you subscribe to my newsletter (its easy, you just enter your email address - look for it its somewhere on the French language homepage) or follow me on my social network pages below. As usual, Ill be posting daily mini lessons and tips on my  Facebook, Twitter  and  Pinterest  pages - so join me there!

Is AP World History Hard Expert Discussion

Is AP World History Hard Expert Discussion SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips AP World History seems like it would be a pretty hard class. There's so much to cover - I mean, it's everything that's ever happened to humans! But how much do you reallyneed to know? And how do people usually do on the AP test? In this article, I will examine five different factors to make a conclusion about the difficulty level of AP World History. What Factors Determine the Difficulty of an AP Class? Before we try to answer the question at hand ("Is AP World History hard?"), let's go over the factors that determine how challenging a particular AP class is. There are five factors, grouped into three categories: Testing Statistics This section deals with hard data about students' performance on the AP exam. Passing Rate The passing rate is the percentage of students who earn 3s or above on the AP exam.A low passing rate taken at face value indicates a harder test.However, sometimes classes that are more popular have artificially low passing rates because there’s a higher proportion of underpreparedstudents in the testing pool. It’s important to consider the passing rate in context. Five Rate The five rate is the percentage of students earning 5s on the AP exam.This can be a slightly more accurate indicator of difficulty than the passing rate because it shows how hard it is to master the material.Still, the five rate can also be affected by the popularity of the class, so it’s important to keep that information in mind. Objective and Subjective Assessments of the Content These factors relate to the actual difficulty of the course content according to students and educators. Objective Content Difficulty This is determined by the scope of the content and the types of skills required in the class to be successful. Courses with a large volume of complex content are going to be more challenging.Sometimes, these objectively difficult courses have strangely high passing rates and five rates because only the most dedicated students are willing to take them. Student Testimonials Student opinions of the class are important to consider apart from an objective assessment of the content.Is there a ton of homework? Do you have to do projects all the time?Even if the content isn’t the most complex, these factors can make a big difference in the time commitment required for the class. Timing When do students take the class? If it’s freshman or sophomore year, this can cause students to perceive the content as more difficult, since they may not be used to AP classes yet.If students are encouraged to wait until junior or senior year to take the class, they might compare their experience to other AP classes and come up with a more reliable assessment of how hard the class is. There's a big difference between sophomore year and senior year. For example, this girl gained the confidence to express her true self with a unique fashion statement. Seriously, though, graduation robes are hideous. We need to kill that tradition. What Do Statistics Say About the AP World History Exam? First, I’d like to note that AP World Historyis one of the more popular AP exams;265,308 students took it in 2015!The only AP exams to surpass that number of participants were US History, Psychology, US Government, English Literature Composition, English Language Composition, and Calculus AB. The popularity of this exam means that five rates and passing rates may be skewed lower.The greater the number of students taking an exam, the more likely it is that a large proportion of them will come into it underprepared. This often happens whenan AP is closely related to a class many students need to take to graduate (like world history). Sometimes students are pushed into the AP version of the class when they aren't ready or when they have little interest in the material but have to take the class to fulfill graduation requirements. On the other hand, if an exam is less popular, the students who take it are usually interested inthe subject and, therefore, more likely to be well-prepared for the test. In these cases, they've typically chosen to take a class outside of core requirements because they want to learn more about the subject. The 2016 passing rate for the AP World History exam was 51.2 percent.The only exams with lower passing rates were Physics 1, Environmental Science, and US Government.We can say definitively that this is a low passing rate compared to most other AP exams. The popularity of the test can partially account for the lower passing rate, but it’s so close to the bottom of the stack that it does seem to indicate a difficult test.More shockingly, the average document-based question score in 2016 was only 2.96 out of 9 points! This emphasizes the difficulty of the document-based question in particular for most students. Now, let’s take a look at the five rate.The 2016 five rate was a 6.5 percent, which isvery low by anyone’s standards.Only Physics 1 and Biology had lower five rates in 2016.Like the passing rate, this also seems to indicate that AP World History is a difficult test.Although test popularity can partially account for such a low five rate, the rate is so low that it points to a high inherent difficulty level. Just like five-star reviews, fives on the AP World History exam are hard to come by. Is the AP World History Content Difficult? For this class, you’re dealing with the entirety of human history. It would seem that the content is difficult just based on its scope! That's a little deceptive, though.The class is mainly about being able to understand long-term trends in history and identify how the five themes of the course relate to events throughout the six designated historical eras.It’s slightly different from classes like US History and European History, which focus more on specifics. AP World History requires critical thinking about the relevance of particular themes at certain historical moments (and knowledge of some specific examples to back up your conclusions).It’s not necessary to memorize everything that’s ever happened to do well, so the content isn’t as hard as it appears at first glance. Whether you find the class difficult depends partially on your skills in writing and analysis.If you’re good at those things, you’ll probably find AP World History manageable.If you have trouble answering vague thematic questions and are more memorization-oriented, the class will likely be more of a struggle. You don't have to possess Godlike powers of recall to do well in AP World History, but you DO have to know how religious beliefs shaped the formation of early civilizations. Do Students Think AP World History Is Hard? Students typically find AP World History to be a medium-difficulty class with relatively simple concepts but a significant workload. As I mentioned in the previous section, it’s more of a general overview of history compared toclasses like AP US History and AP European History. AP World Historyoffers greater flexibility in answering essay questions, and it doesn’t ask for specific facts as often.Once you have a handle on the main themes and how they connect key developments in history, you should be able to answer most questions that are thrown your way. However, there’s no denying that there’s a lot of material to cover, so you’ll have to do frequent readings and prepare for quizzes regularly.Even if you’re not struggling to master the content, you still will have to put in a significant amount of time. Most students take AP World History in 10th grade, so they’re still underclassmen who have less experience with AP classes.The fact that students are encouraged to take this class before classes like AP US History (typically taken junior year) indicates that it’s more of a basic foundational course.Also, these younger students don’t seem to think it’s an extraordinarily hard class, which supports our conclusions about the difficulty level being somewhere in the middle range. This brings up an interesting discrepancy. Why do students think the class isn't that hard when so few of them end up earning a high score on the exam?Since this is one of the first AP classes most students take, history teachers might present them with in-class assignments that are less challenging than the material on the exam. The class is likely to be less thematically-focused and more fact-based than the exam because the information is taught in smaller chunks. Students also don't necessarily know the best way to prepare for the AP exam if it's one of the first ones they've seen.Even if they do practice with real AP materials, it's common to write practice essays without adhering to realistic time constraints or do practice questions that test factual recall and not real analysis. Most students take AP World History when they are still lil' academic saplings that have yet to grow to their full potential. Will AP World History Be Hard for You? After considering the general factors in the previous sections, you should also think about your specific situation. Every student has different strengths and weaknesses, and every school is different in its treatment of the course. Here are a few steps you can take to find out exactly how hard AP World History will be for you. Ask Knowledgeable People about the Class The most reliable way to figure out if the class will be hard is to ask other students who have already taken it for their opinions.You can also ask your current history teacher what he or she thinks about the AP World History class at your school and whether it will be manageable for you.You might even talk to your guidance counselor about your options. He or she should have a good sense of how you might fare in the course based on experiences with other students. Every AP teacher does things slightly differently, so you shouldn’t make broad assumptions about the difficulty level without taking your specific situation into account.Some teachers assign tons of projects and quizzes all the time while others adopt a less intense style that’s focused on larger long-term assignments. Think About Your Academic Strengths and Weaknesses If you have strong skills in critical reading and writing, you’ll find this class easier than someone who struggles with writing and prefers questions with clearly defined answers. Strong English studentsshouldn’t have much trouble getting through this class.As I’ve mentioned, memorization isn’t as important as the ability to connect the themes of the course to events throughout history. Consider the Rest of Your Schedule It might be harder for you to manage this class if you’re also taking other classes that involve oodles of writing and memorization.It would be a big challenge to take AP World History alongside another AP history class (US or European) or one of the AP English classes, just based on the sheer amount of work.But this also depends on the way the teacher at your school structures the class and how much work you can expect on a weekly basis. Be mindful of your limits, and try not to overload yourself! Even a class that wouldn’t be that hard for you normally can become overwhelming if you have to do the work on top of a million other assignments. If you have to drag yourself through metaphorical barbed wire to overcome your limits, it's usually not worth it. Conclusion: Is AP World History Hard? Based on the factors examined in this article, AP World History is a medium-difficulty AP class, verging on slightly more difficult.The statistics indicate that the test is challenging, but it’s also taken by a large number of students, many of whom are still underclassmen whoaren’t used to APs.The content of the class is also not as hard as you might think. It’s more about making sense of broad themes than actually remembering everything that's ever happened. You’ll probably do fine if you practice honing your writing skills and keep up with the homework assignments! What's Next? Looking for ways to practice your skills in AP World History? Check out this article that lists all the practice tests that are available online. The document-based question is the scariest part of the AP World History exam for most students. Read our article on what the DBQ is and how you can prepare for it effectively. Still not sure which AP classes you want to take in high school? This article will help you decide which APs fit best with your goals and academic strengths.

Cellular Phone Usage While Operating Motor Vehicle Essay - 1

Cellular Phone Usage While Operating Motor Vehicle - Essay Example as per a study published by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) (Utter, 2001 cited by Tseng, Nguyen, Liebowitz, & Agresti, 2005). The use of cellular phones while driving has been established as the major cause of driver inattention. The Harvard Center for Risk Analysis found that use of cell phones while driving caused 330,000 moderate to severe injuries and approximately 2,600 deaths each year (Sundeen, 2003 cited by Tseng et al., 2005). At the same time, according to Brookhuis, de Vries, & de Waard (1991), while talking on the cell phone drivers demonstrated decreased lane deviations (cited by Horrey & Wickens, 2004). Despite these inconsistencies, a total ban of cellular phone usage while operating a motor vehicle may drastically reduce road accidents. Driver distraction can be classified into two types (internal distraction and external stimuli) and four categories – visual, cognitive, auditory and biomechanical distraction. Of these, auditory distraction is associated with cell phone usage (Tseng et al., 2005). This is more likely in case of hand-held phones but other studies demonstrate that primary cause of inattention is cognitive, which implies that even hands-free phones are equally dangerous (Horrey & Wickens). Several studies have been conducted and on an average, it has been found that drivers talking on the mobile phones while driving have higher risks in car accidents compared to non-mobile phone users (Laberge-Nadeau et al., 2003; Wilson et al., 2003; Redelmeier and Tibshirani, 1997; Strayer and Drews, 2004 cited Tseng et al.). Use of mobile phones while driving increases the risk of collisions by four times, which is also confirmed by Redelmeier and Tibshirani (1997). In addition, frequent mobile phone users had relatively higher risk than rare-users. Being engaged on the cell phone while driving, is definitely more risky than listening to the radio or talking to other passengers while driving. Horrey & Wickens,

Proposing a solution to overcome the challenges of implementing Dissertation

Proposing a solution to overcome the challenges of implementing unified E- healthcare information system standards at Armed Forc - Dissertation Example The healthcare sector lacks the infrastructure to address the nation’s problems. Long-term planning is affected due to lack of reliable data on health facilities available in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The motivation for the study has arisen to evaluate how the situation can be improved in the armed forces sector, as this sector operates independent of the MOH. If the armed forces hospitals are able to effectively adopt and implement IT in the healthcare sector, the government too could be keen to emulate. Thus, with the aim to propose technological solutions to overcome the challenges in implementing the best healthcare system at the armed forces hospital in KSA, three objectives were set. Through extensive literature review and through a quality study based purely on secondary data, the study objectives have been achieved. Lack of funds, lack of a national regulatory body, shortage of national medical experts, lack of IT infrastructure, lack of standards across vendors, la ck of national data exchange plan are some of the barriers to adoption of healthcare standards in Saudi Arabia. Efforts have been made to identify the best healthcare systems in the world. Sweden appears to have the best e-healthcare strategy in the world. It even surpasses the healthcare system of the United States if the measure of quality is based on the life index of a country. Autonomy and medical data exchange are some of the other salient features in these two countries. Developing an efficient archetype, clinical process mapping and resource templates are some of the tools which have emerged as best practices in Sweden. Sweden now practices e-prescription and patient empowerment, both of which has reduced the patient healing time, reduced costs and enhanced efficiency. To implement such as strategy, training and support is essential to promote user engagement and user involvement during the system design stage. Shared vision is essential before any strategy can be implemente d. Transformational leadership is essential to challenge the existing assumptions. The study concludes that the situation in Saudi Arabia, though grim, is not insurmountable. Recommendations for an effective HIT strategy based on the findings of the study have been made. Table of Contents Chapter 1. Introduction page 1.1 Chapter Overview 1 1.2 Background 1 1.3 Rationale for Research 3 1.4 Research Aims & Objectives 4 1.5 Scope of the Study 5 1.6 Structure of the Study 5 Chapter 2. Background and Literature Review 2.1 Health-care background in Saudi Arabia 7 2.2 Health Information Technology 9 2.3 Barriers and Challenges in health-care standards 11 2.4 Background of health-care providers 15 2.5 Barriers to implementation of ICT in healthcare 18 2.6 Factors that influence healthcare technologies 20 2.7 Organizational Issues in adoption and implementation of IT innovation 21 2.8 Chapter Summary 23 Chapter 3. Methodology 3.1 Research Philosophy 24 3.2 Research Phenomenon 24 3.3 Research Design 25 3.4 Research Approach 27 3.5 Case Study Method – justification 27 3.6 Data Collection – justification for secondary research 29 3.7 Data Sources 29 3.8 Data Analysis 26 3.9 Reliability & Validity 30 3.10 Ethical Concerns 31 Chapter 4. Findings & Discussion 4.1 E-Health strategy and model from Sweden 32 4.2 Healthcare system in the United States 38 4.3 Data Analysis 43 4.4 Health-care success factors 44 4.5

A Problem By Society Children And Young People Essay

A Problem By Society Children And Young People Essay Limited scholarships and seats for admission in schools and colleges imply a rise in the competition level. Overcrowded schools lead to indiscipline and a lack of control. Teachers are unable to cater for the individual needs of children. This issue has been further discussed under the heading entitled School. According to Pearson (1983), intervention of social welfare services have a big role in crime prevention. They detect and help abused and ill-treated children. However, in disorganized areas social welfare officers have many families to look after. The cry for help of many children and parents in these areas remain unheard. It is only when the issue has become serious that the authorities intervene. It is often too late. Some end up being traumatized for life or victims of un-repairable damage do. Since there is much insecurity in these localities, businesses to move away and investors refrain from putting their money in developments occurring. This increases problems of unemployment. It is hard in itself to live in suburbs and when employers see that a job applicant comes from a badly reputed region, the chances of the later getting the job diminishes considerably. Moreover, as mentioned earlier, most youngsters coming from these areas already have police records, poor academic knowledge and without legitimate means of obtaining success, they feel social and psychological strain (Merton;1920s). Furthermore, as French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu said: Parents occupation and level of education have significant effects on the life chances of their children. From an economic perspective, these youths breach the law for their financial well being. This rational choice seems acceptable from the youngsters point of view when we consider the lack of proper educational system, equal and legal job opportunities. It is his survival strategy just like it had been for his family members and neighbors. (See School failure) Aggressive and violent youth Another problem which arises when there is a high rate of teenage population is a demographic area is that of violent crimes. Their poor problem-solving skills, overly sensitive or emotional personality and explosive temperament combined with their biological and physical predisposition of being violent and aggressive because of their age; make them apt of committing aggressive assaults and crimes. Small discussions and debates can end up into bloody attacks. Indeed, disorganized neighborhoods suffer from social incivility. It is common to hear swearing words and see people fighting on the streets, to see graffiti, broken window panes, young children roaming till late on the road, and sex workers almost everywhere. Family disruption Community fear, lack of social facilities, unemployment and bad quality of education for the children create a lot of fuss and stress on parents. Also families, in these areas of high violence rate, have disrupted social relationships. It is common to find families which have financial problems, depressive and stressed parents who adopt drinking and other bad habits and who have problems in growing up their children. This has been further discussed in Family. Social mobility Residents of these areas try to get used such disorder and atrocious crimes that occur on the streets around them. They lose trust in authorities and feel abandoned. They rarely report offences they witness or are victims of. On the contrary, fearing for their life and security they join gangs and peer groups which will protect them in case of difficulty. This leads to the development of criminal areas and generations of criminals. Many families want leave these deteriorated communities and look for a better place to grow their children into better adults. This social mobility leads to limited collective efficacy. There is weakened social control. Neighbors might not know and trust each other. This is constant fear and insecurity and no cohesiveness among inhabitants. Government policies and initiatives taken up by NGOs do not work since residents do not stay for long to implement them. Indiscipline in schools, the lack of individual care for needy students, availability of drugs and arms and a troublesome family life can result tragic incidents. On December 14, 2012 Adam Lanza shot 20 children and 6 staff members in a school in Connecticut. Growing up in a disorganized and less privileged society is tough enough without having to be worried about being killed while going to class. Unfortunately, events like these occur because of a multitude of factors which are not always controllable. Duncan and Murnanes book, Neighborhood and Family Impacts on Schools, examines à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦how factors as family functioning, neighborhood conditions, school quality, and local labor markets impact schools ability to improve academic and educational attainment of disadvantaged students. We have seen how the education system favors academic learning and neglects personality development. Where a class is supposed to be a team of young learners, with each and every member being valuable, it has now become competitive environment in itself where making others lose seem to be synonym of victory. Some students find this sort of system challenging and do their best to be toppers in exams but on the other hand students who have, since their very young age, been exposed to severe and prolonged stress, are likely to have developed learning disabilities and emotional and behavioral problems which make is difficult for them to successfully go through the educational system. These students have to undergo a lot of pressure from members of their family, school and society. They may have attention deficit disorder, a lot of anxiety and can be depressive. However, instead of being spotted as care-needing students, teachers and also other students often labeled as stupid and lazy an d antisocial. Teachers do not actively listen to their problems. They simply lecture and maintain peace and order in classrooms. Teaching techniques are not adapted to the needs of children. There is no individualized care and support. Teachers who do not encourage students to succeed and condemn them because of their learning disabilities fail in their traditional role as gurus, guides and role models and add on to the distrust that children and youths have in adults. Subcultures Children tend to do what we do rather than what we say to do. To understand how a violent community affects teenagers and how it is related to youth crime we to take the social learning theory developed by Bandura, the differential learning theory developed by Matza, Sutherland, Cressy and others, and theories on subcultures. According to Gottfredson and Hirschi, family environment is the most important institution which has to foster self-control, good values and manners in a child. However as demonstrated by Bandura in the Bobo Doll experiment, there are different ways through which a child learns how to be aggressive but the main one is through observation and interaction with others. Parents living in a violent society cannot fully restrain and protect their children from all negative influences. Children can do both good and bad and discipline should be appropriately used for the former to prevail (Anderson; 1980). Parents cannot be held sole responsible for the social and moral education of their children. Other institutions have a crucial role to play. As seen earlier, the failure of one institution can lead to the failure of all the other institutions. Children who are abused and neglected by parents, experience school failure, rejection from society and have a low self-esteem are more likely to join gangs. We have seen under School failure and Indiscipline in schools how gangs form and function in schools. In a violent community, there are considerable numbers of gangs which operate. Sutherland and Cressy suggest that criminal behavior is learnt through criminal association. Criminal motives, techniques, attitudes and rationalizations are developed through interaction with others. Moreover, as Cohen suggests crime is collective in nature. Moreover, in most subcultures the violation of institutionalized and traditional behaviors is seen as normal as they have their own street rules and regulations. It is true that protective factors like social bonding and self-control mitigate the risk of offending but studies have proved that it is highly probable for children who grow up in violent environments to learn deviant behavior at home or at school or on the streets. In the longitudinal study of 400 London school boys, West and Farrington (1970) suggested that delinquency arises from a complex interaction between individual home atmosphere, the personal qualities of the boy and the circumstances in which the family lives. Hutchings We have also observed that inner controls can be a strong protective factor but it has to be fostered by not only parents but also teachers and society, who have to act like role models. Social controls, like attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief (Hirschi; 1970) are also protective factors which stop youth from acting delinquently. To conclude we can say that young children in violent communities are most likely to grow up as aggressive adults. The period of adolescence is characterized by physical changes, cognitive development, mood swings and social reorganization having as aim to grow into maturity and help fulfilling social and cultural expectation of becoming a responsible adult. Love, support, care and right education are more than essential for adolescents. A cozy environment can make all the difference. Unfortunately, for children who are in stressful environment, their life experiences will affect their personality, perspective and the type of adult they end up being. If parents, schools, peer networks, neighbors and other social welfare services are work in strong coordination and collaboration the duty of rearing children into responsible adults, not deviant ones, is like to be fulfilled. Since long, the responsibility of growing up a child into a responsible citizen has been bowled from the shoulders of parents and families to that of the government. Their transition from puberty to an age of maturity should be eased with love, support and care. Nowadays, the concept of childhood is being slowly wiped out. The transition period between childhood and adolescence and adolescence to adulthood seems to be shortening as years go by. Children and adolescents are partaking in adult activities at very early ages. Fashion brands, celebrity magazines, tv serials, advertisings and other bla bla are marketedly directly to them. Where media can be used to sensitize children, it is being used to provoke certain behaviors. Tv serials like Gossip Girls and Teen Mom, among among many others, promote dangerous sexual behaviors and pregnancies. Cognitive development- less reasoning ability Despair of parents/ cry for help should be heard by authorities + social welfare services appropriate actions should be taken each family has its own concerns and problems- tailor-made programs